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The alternative future of Toplofikatsia Sofia

Veolia is already working on the development of sewage heat recovery projects in the cities of Poznan, Lodz and Warsaw, where it plans to install heat pumps with a total capacity of between 30 and 50 MW.

"Such systems have the potential to significantly decarbonise the local heat supply while reducing dependence on coal and other fossil fuels", says Marcin Orlowski, Veolia Poland's chief operating officer.

A similar approach can certainly be applied in Sofia, if such a decision is made. And there is a working example in this area in Stockholm, Sweden, where heat pumps extract heat from sewers and contribute to heating the city with a capacity of 250 MW. The first such pump was installed back in 1986, proving the long-term viability and sustainability of the model.